How to Find New Testament Essay Topics Online

How to Find New Testament Essay Topics Online Writing prompts are among the best approaches to create confident writers who take pleasure in the practice. When you choose a topic, you should answer the query and substantiate your response with three or more motivations as to why you think like that. So ensure that you select a subject, which has values in it. There are a few great topics to take into account when selecting topic for your argumentative essay. Begin a list of questions which you'd love to have answered. The ability to give information in various contexts is vital to effective communication. Thus, it's important to read corresponding formatting guide. In any case, the shortage of suitable grammar makes the listeners drop respect to the speaker. Everything that is actually essential for creating your paper successful is to convince your intended audience on the ground of your private opinion. Pick one particular person whom you admire for their leadership abilities and write about the traits which make them special and how they've influenced you somehow. You might become a thriving person without having a superior education. A minumum of one parent should work at home. But What About New Testament Essay Topics? You can't write as you want. Yearly driving tests ought to be mandatory for the initial five years after obtaining a license. They should be mandatory over a certain age. Think of the local evening news program and why you ought to be chosen as the student reporter. The shortage of great support sources are going to result in a decrease grade. A trusted writing services business can assist you with all that. Cell phones shouldn't be used while driving. Recent argumentative essay topics that are related to society is going to do. When it has to do with the middle school, the argumentative essay consists of moderate topics. To discover argumentative essay topics easy on various platforms, you want to comprehend about the argumentative essay. An argumentative essay is a sort of academic papers that students write in the center school. Studying should consist of task of essay that argues a specific idea. It's also notable to find that he HeLa study is still helpful to the world. The Argument About New Testament Essay Topics Imagine your school does not own a school newspaper. Students ought to be permitted to pray in school. Consider what you could do in order to make your school more beautiful. Think of one thing you're expected to learn in school that you don't think ought to be included in the curriculum. Books ought never to be banned. Life is far better than it was 50 decades ago. In reality, Dever (1992) maintains that the Old Testament cannot be proved historically correct and only a few of the books of the Bible can be utilized to demonstrate any pertinent historical details. Our life is about words. There's a particularly thorny issue regarding the historical records of Apostle Paul. The immediate effect of sin is death. Prior to making up a last choice, think about the simple fact your essay is a bit of academic writing, which means it ought to be relevant and rather formal. Once you comprehend the form of essay, it's time to choose a topic. On the flip side, if you've got to compose a persuasive essay, all the matters mentioned previously don't play such significant function. Argumentative essay is about arguing and debating on a subject, which is debatable. Deciding on your topic isn't that easy. As soon as you have the topic, answer the question and support your answer with three or more explanations for why you believe it. You will probably locate a different and amazing topic you will love to write about. Argumentative essay topics are so important since they are debatableand it's important to at all times be critically considering the world around us. There are lots of things you wish to live, many things you feel, and you simply don't know if a number of the situations you do are ok or not. Second, talk what you shouldn't do instead of what has to be carried out. There are just a few things that define whether an essay you're working on is going to be a good one. When it has to do with writing an argumentative essay, the main issue to do is to select a topic and an argument you can really get behind.

How Obesity Is A Disease - 2861 Words

The United States should categorize obesity as a disease and also guide its citizens to pursue exercise and healthy diet. The U.S. can guide people by changing the kind of food schools give teens and provide programs to involve students. Those are two things that can motivate teens to do something good. Also, limit the use of technology or internet because today that s what takes up their time. The problem with obesity is that with the passing of time, the percentage of obesity increases in the United States. More than one billion adults are overweight, and of these, at least 300 million are obese. As the percentage goes up, the more people die from different kinds of diseases like high blood pressure, diabetes, heart diseases. This situation needs to be controlled because globally many people are dying annually. The following paragraphs will explain how obesity can be a disease and suggestions on how you can have a healthier diet. A close investigation of obesity in the United State s will make it clear as to the reasons why children, teens, and adult death are connected to eating all kind of junk food. These alarming statistics can be prevented. Obesity mainly â€Å"occurs when you eat and drink more calories than you burn through exercise and normal daily activities† (Mayo Clinic Staff 1). That’s the reason that people store those calories as fat in their body and become an overweight person. This problem began between 1906 and 1994 (Health Matters 84). It still one of theShow MoreRelatedObesity : A Disease?1223 Words   |  5 Pages126 12 February 2017 Obesity, A Disease Per the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, more than 35 percent of American adults are obese, more than 34 percent is overweight, and 17 percent of the children from the United States are affected by obesity. Most people disregard the fact that Obesity is a known disease that affects our future and youth, but unlike most people I would rather save this human from their disease, by telling them they are unhealthyRead MoreShould Obesity Be Considered As A Medical Disease?1548 Words   |  7 PagesShould Obesity Be Considered As a Medical Disease? Keeli Bao University of Iowa â€Æ' People are usually identified as obese based on their Body Mass Index (BMI). The average BMI is ranged from 18.5 to 24.9, and overweight BMI is 25-29.9 (Defining Overweight and Obesity, 2012). When a person’s BMI reaches 30 and above, he or she is probably obese. At least one out of three people in United States suffer from obesity which means one third of the nation population needs treatment. In 2013, obesity has beenRead MoreObesity As A Disease Essay1378 Words   |  6 Pages(36.5%) of adults in the United States are obese. Obesity is defined as a weight that is higher than what is considered as a healthy weight. Body Mass Index (BMI) is used as a screening tool for overweight and obesity. According to the World Health Organization, worldwide obesity has nearly doubled since 1980. In 2016, 39% of women and 29% of men over the age of 18 were overweight. Today, around one in five children, ages 6-19 are obese. The obesity epidemic only continues to worsen in the United Stat esRead MoreDemographics And Diseases Trends May Influence The Delivery Of Health Care Services1701 Words   |  7 Pagesand Diseases Trends likely to influence the Delivery of Health Care Services.† Starting with the age group population in the United States at ten to twenty years, then obesity, and then the future to adapt to the health care services. However, the factors that can identify are the environment support and change of trends. In the passage, the writer will talk about aging obesity, and the future of the health care provided. The common diseases examples that will be listed and the aging, obesity, andRead MoreThe American Medical Association (AMA) has declared obesity a disease. Obesity means that an900 Words   |  4 PagesMedical Association (AMA) has declared obesity a disease. Obesity means that an individual has too much body weight that could possibly cause a health risk. Having a body-mass index (BMI) of 35 or higher makes an individual morbidly obese. A healthy BMI would be from 20 to 24.9. The United States has one of the highest obesity rates in the world with an estimated of 36% of American adults suffering from it. It is important to not label obesity as a disease because it leads 78 million adults and 12Read MoreObesity Is A Disease, By Dr. Mitchell Roslin1224 Words   |  5 Pageshealth in United States, what generally pops up in mind? Many people might think of several diseases, for instance stroke and cancer, but nobody thinks about the existing disease, Obesity, which is becoming one of the leading problems in the United States. One of the definitions of Obesity is growth of redundant fat in the body. This is an everyday life disease that spreads rapid universally. Today, obesity affects people of all ages, gender, and ethnicity. As most of the Americans know that thisRead MoreHuman Related Obesity1090 Words   |  4 PagesIs obesity a disease or a human related cause? Researchers have studied this question for years and have come to a variety of different conclusions. Some believe that obesity is a disease and can only be prevented by medications, while others believe that obesity is a human related cause and can be only prevented by a healthy diet and exercise. The American Medical Association (AMA) recently announced that obesity is officially a disease. Dr. Patrice Harris, a member of the American Medical AssociationRead MoreThe Effects Of Obesity On Health Economics Of The United States1024 Words   |  5 Pagesresearch paper explores the impact of obesity on health economics of the United States at a national level. There is a brief description on obesity and related health conditions. The topic discussion includes the prevalence of obesity and its associated medical expenditure in the present and future. It reports on how obesity as a current epidemic has affected United States. The paper’s main focus is on the total federal and state revenue utilization, in regards to obesity. It illustrates various methodsRead MoreObesity : A Serious Health Condition1452 Words   |  6 PagesObesity is a serious health condition that, if left untreated, causes serious health conditions. Contrary to popular belief, obesity is more than a condition caused by overeating and lack of exercise (Vallor 2013). Obesity is a disease (Callahan 2013); a disease that Americans are spending about $150 billion on annually (Zamosky 2013). Additionally, changing a person’s diet and exercise regimen may not be effective in some cases of obesity (V allor 2013). Obesity is not like most well-known diseases;Read MoreDisease Trends and the Delivery of Health Care Services Essay1457 Words   |  6 PagesDisease Trends and the Delivery of Health Care Services Final Project Axia college 1/15/2012 Many health care professional have great concerns about the growth of the aging population, chronic disease and the epidemic of obesity, and how will the United States healthcare system prepared for this continuing epidemic. The fact that the aging population along with obesity epidemic is a global healthcare concern, many health cares’ professional is baffled about how to address the growing epidemic

Music Concert Report free essay sample

Music had their third Student Recital of the semester in Schaeffer Auditorium at 7:30 pm. The Department of Music performed thirteen pieces of music including Etude Pop. 25, No. 1, Somebody, Somewhere from The Most Happy Fell, Concerto for Piccolo and Orchestra, Pop. 50, and many more. To start out the night, Steven M. Passbooks performed FRRdRL Chopping ?etude Pop. 25, No. 1 . Chopin was a polish composer of the Romantic period. There was harmony in this piece along with variation.The meter was % and the dynamic was mezzo forte. Following Passions, Elizabeth Wiener, a soprano, performed Somebody, Somewhere from The Most Happy Fell by Frank Lesser of the 20th century. This piece had a melody and a meter of 4/4. There was sonata and the piece was pianissimo due to Its softness. The third performance was by Fawn Augusta on the piccolo, and Attacks Gewgaw on the piano. They performed Concerto for Piccolo and Orchestra, Pop, 50: l. We will write a custom essay sample on Music Concert Report or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Andante Common composed by Lowell Liebermann in the 20th century. There was a harmony and a theme. There was also a meter of 2/4 and he piece was fortissimo. The next piece was a piece from Paul Reader, called Suite from the Victorian Kitchen; l. Prelude. This was written in the 20th century and had a meter of 2/4. I found this piece to be pianissimo for Its soft sounds. As well as having a harmony and variation. The fifth performance was by Catalan Alienable; she performed Wedding Day at Dreadnought, by Depraved Gripe on the piano. This piece is from the Romantic period. It was written in 1896 as a memorial of the 25th wedding anniversary of Gripe and his wife. Depraved was a Norwegian composer and a pianist. The dynamics of this piece is mezzo piano.I found this piece to be mezzo piano due to its moderate softness. The meter seemed to be %, and it had a melody. I distinguished the form as variation. The sixth piece performed was Gala II sole deal Gang performed by Franà §ois Begging on the bass, and Dry. Marl Asteroid on the piano. The composer of this piece is Alexandra Scarlatti. It was written in the Baroque period. Scarlatti was an Italian Baroque composer; he was famous for his operas and chamber cantatas. The dynamic of this piece was mezzo forte. This is because of Its moderate loudness. I found the meter to be 4/4, as well as an absent form. The next performer was Alexander A. Costa playing the trombone, with Attacks Gewgaw on the piano. Together they performed Concerto for Trombone: l. Allegro vice, and II. Andante cantabile. This piece is from the Romantic period and was composed by the Russian composer, Nikolas Rims Karaoke. The dynamics was mezzo piano, with a meter of %. There was a harmony, and the piece was in the form of sonata. The eighth performer was Cattily Tougher on the tenor saxophone, and Attacks Gewgaw on the piano. They performed Contest Caprice composed by Leroy Astronauts.This piece Is from the 20th Century. This piece had a 4/4 meter and had a slight theme to the piece as well. Next, Ben Holland (flute), and Attacks Gewgaw (piano) performed Andante in C Major for Flute and Piano. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart composed this piece in the Classical period. This piece contained a melody and harmony, as well as variations. There was a meter of 2/4 and had dynamics of mezzo piano. The tenth performance was How Could I Ever Know? From The Secret Garden. This piece was composed by Lucy Simon in the 20th Century and performed at KICK by Rebecca Roth (soprano), and Dry.Maria Austerities (piano). This piece is. I distinguished the dynamics as mezzo forte, with a 2/4 meter. There was melody and harmony in this piece, along with sonata. For the next piece, Eric Papa on the clarinet, and Status Gewgaw on the piano performed Cantonment. Gabriel Pierre composed this piece in the Romantic period. There was a melody and theme, along with the dynamics of forte, and a % meter. Laura Crestless performed the twelfth piece on the flute. She performed Parfait in A Minor; Bourne Angles. Johann Sebastian Bach composed this piece in the Classical period. There was a meter of 4/4, as well as the dynamics of mezzo forte. A melody was present along with sonata and theme. Last but not least, Colon Sectors brought down the house on the piano with his performance of FRRdrich Chopping Revolutionary Etude. Chopin composed this piece in the Romantic era. It had a melody and sonata. The meter is 4/4 and I distinguished the dynamic as forte. In conclusion, the Student Recital Ill at Kowtows University was an enjoyable evening full of great music along with intellectually stimulating experiences of music that I would not have listened to if not for this assignment. Music Concert Report free essay sample The highly respected jazz trio made up of pianist Bill Charlap, bassist Kenny Washington and drummer Peter Washington played for about an hour an a half. Their smooth melodies and precise playing worked perfectly together to give a great performance against the New York City skyline at Dizzys Club Coca-Cola. The trio opened up the show with a song called â€Å"Ill Remember April†. The song was originally written in 1941 by Gene de Paul (Wilson, McElrath, Tyle). â€Å"Ill Remember April† first performance was in a very atypical setting. The song was not performed in a Broadway play or Jazz Club but rather the 1942 comedy Called Ride Em Cowboy. Actor Dick Foran sang the song in what a critic at the time called, â€Å"I’ll Remember April’ was an oasis of sanity in the madness† (Wilson, McElrath, Tyle). Although an odd start the movie Ride Em Cowboy proved to be significant in the Jazz community for another reason as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Music Concert Report or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the movie the famous jazz vocalist Ella Fitzgerald appeared in her first film role playing an employee at the dude ranch named Ruby (Ill Remember April (1941)). â€Å" She projected a light, frothy, easy-going humor† in her performance of â€Å"A-Tisket, A-Tasket† (Ill Remember April (1941)). This movie brought out just how significant jazz music was at the time because it made a mediocre film come to life. This was not Gene De Pauls first time creating a brilliant jazz song. The pianist, composer and arranger had written many songs before for Hollywood films and Broadway shows such as â€Å"You Dont Know What Love is† and â€Å"Star Eyes† (Ill Remember April (1941)). He had worked with many lyricists before but on this particular song Gene de Paul worked with his friend Don Raye and Patricia Johnston (Ill Remember April (1941)). The lyrics portrays two distant lovers remembering the past and have a close connection with Dorothy Fields â€Å"The Way You Look Tonight† (Ill Remember April (1941)). The song entered the pop charts in the spring of 1942 after being recorded by Woody Herman and his Orchestra. The song did not catch on quickly because it differed in many ways from the typical pop song of the time. The melody and form separated â€Å"Ill Remember April† the most from other music of the time. Songs of the time usually followed an A-A-B-A form, repeating a lot giving it a catchy tune. â€Å"Ill Remember April† however, used a 48-bar A-B-C-D-A-B form making it seem long and dragged out compared to other popular jazz songs. Wilson, McElrath, Tyle) â€Å" Beboppers Charlie Parker and Bud Powell were among the first to explore the song’s unconventional structure, followed by an influential 1950 recording by Red Norvos trio with Tal Farlow and Charles Mingus† (Ill Remember April (1941)). The actually musicality of the song is quite complex with many chord changes and key changes. The song starts off in G but has a â€Å"false key change to Bb major during the first eight measures of the bridge† (Wilson, McElrath, Tyle). The tone of the song is major it moves rather step wise throughout. The chord progression of the song is a twist and turn roller coaster taking you from a G to a E major back to the G then to a D7. This is important because it allows for many different substitutions of chords and improvisations. (Wilson, McElrath, Tyle) One of the most important and defining elements in Jazz is improvisation. It is expected that during any jazz performance one or more musicians will improvise. Improvisation is so common that most of the time a musician will not perform the same piece the same way twice. However the freedom given to jazz musicians does come with some boundaries. â€Å"Ill Remember April† gives much leeway to improvisation as long as they are â€Å"chosen carefully so as to at least imply a logical harmonic progression† (Wilson, McElrath, Tyle). Typical jazz instruments are the saxophone, clarinet, flute, vibraphone, trumpet, piano, guitar, banjo, tuba, double bass, bass guitar, vocals, trombone and drum kit. The size of the band can vary greatly in jazz however from an ensembles which can have as little as two people to big bands that can have as many as 30 people. The Jazz show that I saw was a trio including a pianist, bassist and drummer. The setting in which I saw â€Å"ll Remember April† performed is much different then the setting I would have seen it in 1942. I saw the song be performed in a rather fancy evening setting at a Jazz Club where there was dinners and drinks being served. The club was modern and well designed. The backdrop behind the performers was a large window outlooking part of the New York City skyline. Around 75 people went to the club to watch a well respected trio play their rendition of â€Å"Ill Remember April†, as well as several other songs. In 1942 I would not have been able to go to a club one night and be served dinner as I listened to a band play the song. At first the only way to hear the song was in the movies it was featured in. The song was featured in the 1942 film Ride em Cowboy as I had mentioned earlier, it was also in the 1942 movie Strictly in the Groove and was again featured in the 1945 movie Eve Knew Her Apples. It is not until later that I would have been able to sit down at a jazz club or concert hall to see the piece be performed. Anita Boyer recording of â€Å"Ill Remember April† appeared on the album The nat King Cole Trio: The MacGregor Years 1941-1945 disc 4 (Wilson, McElrath, Tyle). Since then â€Å"Ill Remember April† has been recorded hundreds of times by various artists throughout the years. â€Å"The song’s unconventional characteristics became assets, and it found favor as a bop vehicle† (Wilson, McElrath, Tyle). Each performance of â€Å"Ill Remember April† takes on its own identity according to the performer. Artists have put their own twists on the song sometimes even implying a â€Å"Latin-feel† or they have stuck close to the original. The aspect of flexibility while maintaining the same brilliant theme makes â€Å"Ill Remember April† so exciting making artists recreate the classic for years. Before going to the concert I listened to â€Å"Ill Remember April† performed by Charlie Parker. Charlie Parker was an extremely influential jazz saxophonist. He recorded â€Å"Ill Remember April† on July 5, 1950. While having the same melody Charlie Parkers version of â€Å"Ill Remember April† and the Bill Charlap Trios version differed greatly. The biggest difference was the use of instruments. The Bill Charlap Trio did not include a saxophone. I had expected to hear a saxophone so at first it took a second for my ears to adjust when the Bill Charlap Trio began to play the song. I personally preferred the saxophone. I thought it gave the song a very demanding tone catching the audiences attention while at the same time it gave the song a very magically, flowing feeling. The saxophone was also backed up by other instruments like the piano which gave it a full rich sound. The piano, bass, and drums of the Bill Charlap Trio also gave a good performance however I felt it lacked a clear â€Å"lead† instrument how the saxophone did for Parkers rendition. One aspect I did like more in the Bill Charlap Trios version was the elongated piano solo. Solos are very important in jazz music and they occur often. Solos give artists the opportunity to improvisation keeping the piece fresh and giving it an element of surprise. Throughout the Bill Charlap Trios performance there were many solos. In â€Å"Ill Remember April† it was the pianos time to shine. I enjoyed the solo because it showed off Bill Charlaps talent and kept the piece exciting. An interesting aspect of his solo was he included a verse from Dorothy Fieldss â€Å"The Way You Look Tonight† which as I mentioned earlier gave inspiration to the writing of â€Å"Ill Remember April†. Overall I enjoyed listening the piece live better than the recording because it allowed the music to â€Å"come alive† rather than just listening to a recording. Going to the concert opened my eyes to what seems to be a whole new world. I was very anxious and nerve about what to expect when I went to the Jazz Club but when I got there I was pleasantly surprised. The music was entertaining and I loved the experience. Looking up the history of the songs continued to spark my interest. It is very interesting to see how music written seventy years ago is still influential and played in modern settings such as a Jazz Club. Music concert report free essay sample On Friday night, November 22th, a great concert was held again in the Sean O’Sullivan Theatre of Brock University. This concert was performed by four young, energetic, and talent musicians: Vera Alekseeva play a violin, Austin Hitchcock plays a French horn, and Karin Di Bella plays piano. When I entered the theatre, my eyes were immediately caught by a beautiful piano on the stage under the bright light. Some students were taking pictures of the instruments. Before the concert start, the musicians were briefly introduced themselves and descript about the pieces they going to play. The audiences were exciting and interesting for the concert. It was a perfect opportunity to experience such a wide variety of music. Claude Debussy’s piece Allegro Vivo from the Sonata for violin and piano give me impress journey. They can be classified as Classical era. It has a ternary form, which is A-B-A. In allegro, it has a narrow range with treble, and the music is delightful with a fast tempo. We will write a custom essay sample on Music concert report or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It has a basic tune but embellished in different ways such as string instruments play a syncopated melody. Each melody has its own distinctive contour. This one has an arch-shape contour. In larghetto, the melody is basically followed the first movement. Theme is a recognizable tune that occurs several times in a piece. It is used as a musical landmark. Compared with the allegro, it has an intermediate tempo. Harmony is simultaneous blending of different pitches. It is formed to a consonance because pitches blend easily together. In terms of allegretto, form refers to how music is organized. It has a quite fast tempo. The rhythm is rigoroso. After the triplet from the piano, the theme is repeated again. At the end of the movement, it has a homophony form, which the piano takes the lead. Those characteristics traits that make Debussy’s work distinguishable from others. Johannes Brahms’s â€Å"Finale, Allegro con brio† is played by a French horn, violin and piano. Generally speaking, Allegro con spirito shows a sonata form. It has a fast and energetic tempo with high spirits. Rhythm is the relationship between successive note durations. The rhythm is crescendo through the movement,and the melody is turbulent. Compared to the previous movement, it has a significant difference in adagio con espressione. It has a much slower tempo, and the melody is more peaceful and quiet. The violin plays an important role in the theme. The rhythmic pattern becomes shorter and shorter, sounding quite busy emotionally. The repeated low frequency notes are mixed with relatively high frequency notes, creating a composite texture. Even though it is performed with instruments, the ongoing endless sound impresses me deeply. I was feeling like going through an intriguing music journey. I really enjoyed the quality and variety of the â€Å"Tempestoso† is. In this piece, the rhythms swing and stride at one moment and are raptly processional at another. Following is the harmonies, to me, it is rich and can be colorful or strange and foreboding. The string sounds are most carefully specified to give a translucency of texture appropriate to the subject which I found often poised. Overall, in my opinion, this composition really gives me a subjective impression in my mind. It is something that I can picture the freshness of the outdoors in sunshine of my dream. In conclusion, this was an outstanding concert that I had an enjoyable time. It had a remarkable expression made one understand the nature spirit in music. I think that this concert is a comprehensive resource for many people wanting to learn more about music. It expanded my knowledge to understand further emotion to the inspiration of musical world. Music Concert Report free essay sample I saw the Bill Charcoal Trio featuring Peter Washington and Kenny Washington at Tizzys Club Coca-Cola in the Lincoln Center. The highly respected Jazz trio made up of pianist Bill Charcoal, bassist Kenny Washington and drummer Peter Washington played for about an hour an a half. Their smooth melodies and precise playing worked perfectly together to give a great performance against the New York City skyline at Tizzys Club Coca-Cola. The trio opened up the show with a song called Ill Remember April.The song was originally written in 1941 y Gene De Paul (Wilson, Macerate, Tyler). We will write a custom essay sample on Music Concert Report or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Ill Remember April first performance was in a very atypical setting. The song was not performed in a Broadway play or Jazz Club but rather the 1942 comedy Called Ride Me Cowboy. Actor Dick Forman sang the song In what a critic at the time called, Ill Remember April was an oasis of sanity In the madness (Wilson, Macerate, Tyler). Although an odd start the movie Ride Me Cowboy proved to be significant in the Jazz community for another reason as well.In the movie the famous Jazz vocalist Ella Fitzgerald appeared in her first film role laying an employee at the dude ranch named Ruby (Ill Remember April (1941)). She projected a light, frothy, easy-going humor in her performance of A-Ticket, A- Tasked (Ill Remember April (1941 This movie brought out Just how significant Jazz music was at the time because It made a mediocre film come to life. This was not Gene De Palls first time creating a brilliant Jazz song.The pianist, composer and arranger had written many songs before for Hollywood films and Broadway shows such as You Dont Know What Love is and Star Eyes (Ill Remember April (1941)). He had worked with many lyricists before but on this particular song Gene De Paul worked with his friend Don Rare and Patricia Johnston (Ill Remember April (1941)). The lyrics portrays two distant lovers remembering the past and have a close connection with Dorothy Fields The Way You Look Tonight (Ill Remember April (1941 P).The song entered the pop charts in the spring of 1942 after being recorded by Woody Herman and his Orchestra. The song did not catch on quickly because it differed in many ways from the typical pop song of the time. The melody and form separated Ill Remember April the most from other music of the time. Songs of the time usually followed an A-A-B-A form, repeating a lot giving it a catchy tune. Ill Remember April however, used a 48-bar A-B-C-D-A-B form making It seem long and dragged out compared to other popular Jazz songs. Wilson, Macerate, Tyler) Beepers Charlie Parker and Bud Powell were among the first to explore the songs unconventional structure, followed by an influential 1 950 recording by Red Norms trio with Tall Barlow and Charles Minus (Ill Remember April (1941)). The actually musicality of the song is quite complex with many chord changes and key changes. The song starts off in G but has a false key change to B major during the first eight moves rather step wise throughout. The chord progression of the song is a twist and turn roller coaster taking you from a G too E major back to the G then too DO.This is important because it allows for many different substitutions of chords and improvisations. (Wilson, Macerate, Tyler) One of the most important and defining elements in Jazz is improvisation. It is expected that during any Jazz performance one or more musicians will improvise. Improvisation is so common that most of the time a Caucasian will not perform the same piece the same way twice. However the freedom given to Jazz musicians does come with some boundaries. Ill Remember April gives much leeway to improvisation as long as they are chosen carefully so as to at least imply a logical harmonic progression (Wilson, Macerate, Tyler).Typical Jazz instruments are the saxophone, clarinet, flute, vibraphone, trumpet, piano, guitar, banjo, tuba, double bass, bass guitar, vocals, trombone and drum kit. The size of the band can vary greatly in Jazz however from an ensembles which can have as little as woo people to big bands that can have as many as 30 people. The Jazz show that I saw was a trio including a pianist, bassist and drummer. The setting in which I saw II Remember April performed is much different then the setting I would have seen it in 1942. I saw the song be performed in a rather fancy evening setting at a Jazz Club where there was dinners and drinks being served. The club was modern and well designed. The backdrop behind the performers was a large window outlining part of the New York City skyline. Around 75 people went to the club to watch a well expected trio play their rendition of Ill Remember April, as well as several other songs. In 1942 1 would not have been able to go too club one night and be served dinner as I listened to a band play the song.At first the only way to hear the song was in the movies it was featured in. The song was featured in the 1942 film Ride me Cowboy as I had mentioned earlier, it was also in the 1942 movie Strictly in the Groove and was again featured in the 1945 movie Eve Knew Her Apples. It is not until later that I would have been able to sit down at a Jazz club or concert hall to see the piece be performed. Anita Borer recording of Ill Remember April appeared on the album The Nat King Cole Trio: The MacGregor Years 1941-1945 disc 4 (Wilson, Macerate, Tyler).Since then Ill Remember April has been recorded hundreds of times by various artists throughout the years. The songs unconventional characteristics became assets, and it found favor as a bop vehicle (Wilson, Macerate, Tyler). Each performance of Ill Remember April takes on its own identity according to the performer. Artists have put their own twists on the song sometimes even implying a Latin-feel or they have stuck close to the original. The aspect of flexibility while maintaining the same brilliant theme makes Ill Remember April so exciting making artists recreate the classic for years. Before going to the concert I listened to Ill Remember April performed by Charlie Parker. Charlie Parker was an extremely influential Jazz saxophonist. He recorded Ill Remember April on July 5, 1950. While having the same melody Charlie Parsers version of Ill Remember April and the Bill Charcoal Trios version differed greatly. The biggest difference was the use of instruments. The Bill Charcoal Trio did not include a saxophone. I had expected to hear a saxophone so at first it took a second for my ears to adjust when the Bill Charcoal Trio began to play the song. I personally preferred the saxophone. I thought same time it gave the song a very magically, flowing feeling. The saxophone was also backed up by other instruments like the piano which gave it a full rich sound. The piano, bass, and drums of the Bill Charcoal Trio also gave a good performance however I felt it lacked a clear lead instrument how the saxophone did for Parsers rendition. One aspect I did like more in the Bill Charcoal Trios version was the elongated piano solo. Solos are very important in Jazz music and they occur often.Solos give artists the opportunity to improvisation keeping the piece fresh and giving it an element of surprise. Throughout the Bill Charcoal Trios performance there were many solos. In Ill Remember April it was the pianos time to shine. I enjoyed the solo because it showed off Bill Charcoals talent and kept the piece exciting. An interesting aspect of his solo was he included a verse from Dorothy Fields The Way You Look Tonight which as I mentioned earlier gave inspiration to the writing of Ill Remember April.Overall I enjoyed listening the piece live better than the recording because it allowed the music to come alive rather than Just listening to a recording. Going to the concert opened my eyes to what seems to be a whole new world. I was very anxious and nerve about what to expect when I went to the Jazz Club but when I got there I was pleasantly surprised. The music was entertaining and I loved the experience. Looking up the history of the songs continued to spark my interest. It is very interesting to see how music written seventy years ago is still influential and laded in modern settings such as a Jazz Club.

Principles of Hypothesis free essay sample

So far we have talked about estimating a confidence interval along with the probability (the confidence level) that the true population statistic lies within this interval under repeated sampling. We now examine the principles of statistical inference to hypotheses testing. By the end of this chapter you should be able to †¢ Understand what is hypothesis testing †¢ Examine issues relating to the determination of level of How is this Done? If the difference between our hypothesized value and the sample value is small, then it is more likely that our hypothesized value of the mean is correct. The larger the difference the smaller the probability that the hypothesized value is correct. In practice however very rarely is the difference between the sample mean and the hypothesized population value larger enough or small enough for us to be able to accept or reject the hypothesis prima-facie. We cannot accept or reject a hypothesis about a parameter simply on intuition; instead we need to use objective criteria based on sampling theory to accept or reject the hypothesis. We will write a custom essay sample on Principles of Hypothesis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Hypotheses testing is the process of making inferences about a population based on a sample. The key question therefore in hypotheses testing is: how likely is it that a population such as one we have hypothesized to produce a sample such as the one we are looking at. significance †¢ Apply tests of hypotheses to large to management Situations †¢ Use of SPSS package to carry out hypotheses test and interpretation of computer output including p- values What is Hypothesis Testing? What is a Hypothesis? A hypothesis is the assumption that we make about the population parameter. This can be any assumption about a population parameter not necessarily based on statistical data. For example it can also be based on the gut feel of a manager. Managerial hypotheses are based on intuition; the market place decides whether the manager’s intuitions were in fact correct. In fact managers propose and test hypotheses all the time. For example: †¢ If a manager says ‘if we drop the price of this car model by Hypotheses Testing-The theory Null Hypothesis In testing our hypotheses we must state the assumed or hypothesized value of the population parameter before we begin sampling. The assumption we wish to test is called the Null Hypotheses and is symbolized by Ho. For example if we want to test the hypotheses that the population mean is 500. We would write it as: Ho:  µ=500 If we use the hypothesized value of a population mean in a problem we represent it symbolically as:  µHo. The term null hypotheses has its origins in pharmaceutical testing where the null hypotheses is that the drug has no effect, i. e. , there is no difference between a sample treated with the drug and untreated samples. Alternative Hypothesis If our sample results fail to support the hypotheses we must conclude that something else must be true. Whenever we reject the null hypothesis the alternative hypothesis is the one we have to accept. This symbolized by Ha . There are three possible alternative hypotheses for any Ho. , i. e. : Ha:  µ? 500(the alternative hypothesis is not equal to 500) Ha:  µgt;500(the alternative hypothesis is greater than 500) Ha:  µlt;500( the alternative hypothesis is less than 500) Understanding Level of Significance The purpose of testing a hypothesis is not to question the computed value of the sample statistics but to make a judgment about the difference between the sample statistic and the hypothesized population parameter. Therefore the next step, after stating our null and alternative hypotheses, is to decide what Rs15000 , we’ll increase sales by 25000 units’ is a hypothesis. To test it in reality we have to wait to the end of the year to and count sales. †¢ A manager estimates that sales per territory will grow on average by 30% in the next quarter is also an assumption or hypotheses. How would the manager go about testing this assumption? Suppose he has 70 territories under him. †¢ One option for him is to audit the results of all 70 territories and determine whether the average is growth is greater than or less than 30%. This is a time consuming and expensive procedure. †¢ Another way is to take a sample of territories and audit sales results for them. Once we have our sales growth figure, it is likely that it will differ somewhat from our assumed rate. For example we may get a sample rate of 27%. The manager is then faced with the problem of determining whether his assumption or hypothesized rate of growth of sales is correct or the sample rate of growth is more representative. To test the validity of our assumption about the population we collect sample data and determine the sample value of the statistic. We then determine whether the sample data supports our hypotheses assumption regarding the average sales growth. 11. 556  © Copy Right: Rai University 113 criterion do we use for deciding whether to accept or reject the null hypothesis. How do We use Sampling to Accept or Reject Hypothesis? The Process of Hypothesis Testing We now look at the process of hypothesis testing. An example will help clarify the issues involved: Aluminum sheets have to have an average thickness of . 04inches or they are useless. A contractor takes a sample of 100 sheets and determines mean sample thickness as . 0408 inches. On the basis of past experience he knows that the population standard deviation for these sheets is . 04 inches. The issue the contractor faces is whether he should , on the basis of sample evidence, accept or reject a batch of 10,000 aluminum sheets. In terms of hypotheses testing the issue is : †¢ If the true mean is . 04inches and the standard deviation. We use the result that there is a certain fixed probability associated with intervals from the mean defined in terms of number of standard deviations from the mean. Therefore our problem of testing a hypothesis reduces to determining the probability that a sample statistic such as the one we have obtained could have arisen from a population with a hypothesized mean m. In the hypothesis tests we need two numbers to make our decision whether to accept or reject the null hypothesis: †¢ an observed value or computed from the sample †¢ a critical value defining the boundary between the acceptance and rejection region . Instead of measuring the variables in original units we calculate a standardized z variable for a standard normal distribution with mean  µ=0. The z statistic tells us how many how many standard deviations above or below the mean standardized mean (z,lt;0, zgt;0) our observation falls. We can convert our observed data into the standardized scale using the transformation .004 inches, what are the chances of getting a sample mean that differs from the population mean (. 04 inches) by . 0008inches or more? To find this out we need to calculate the probability that a random sample with mean . 08 will be selected from a population with  µ =. 04 and a standard deviation. If this probability is too low we must conclude that the aluminum company’s statement is false and the mean thickness of the consignment supplied is not . 04inches. Once we have stated out hypothesis we have to decide on a criterion to be used to accept or reject Ho. The level of significance represents the criterion used by the decision maker to accept or reject a hypothesis. For example if the manager wishes to allow for a 5% level of significance. This means that we reject the null hypothesis when the observed difference between the sample mean and population mean is such that it or a larger difference would only occur 5 or less times in every 100 samples when the hypothesized value of the population parameter is correct. It therefore indicates the permissible extent of sampling variation we are willing to allow whilst accepting the null hypothesis. In statistical terms 5% is called the level of significance and is denoted by a=. 05 We now write our data systematically. The z statistic measures the number of standard deviations away from the hypothesized mean the sample mean lies. From the standard normal tables we can calculate the probability of the sample mean differing from the true population mean by a specified number of standard deviations. For example: †¢ we can find the probability that the sample mean differs from the population mean by two or more standard deviations. It is this probability value that will tell us how likely it is that a given sample mean can be obtained from a population with a hypothesized mean m. . †¢ If the probability is low for example less than 5% , perhaps Our sample data is as follows: n=100, it can be reasonably concluded that the difference between the sample mean and hypothesized population mean is too large and the chance that the population would produce such a random sample is too low. What probability constitutes too low or acceptable level is a judgment for decision makers to make. Certain situations demand that decision makers be very sure about the characteristics of the items being tested and even a 2% probability that the population produces such a sample is too high. In other situations there is greater latitude and a decision maker may be wiling to accept a hypothesis with a 5% probability of chance variation. In each situation what needs to be determined are the costs resulting from an incorrect decision and the exact level of risk we are willing to assume. Our minimum standard for an acceptable probability, say, 5%, is also the risk we run of rejecting a hypothesis that is true. To test any hypothesis we need to calculate the standard error of the mean from the population standard deviation Next we calculate the z statistic to determine how many standard errors away from the true mean our sample mean is. This gives us our observed value of z which can then be compared with the z critical from the normal tables. z= = . 0408-. 04/. 0004=2 x ?  µ ? x This is demonstrated in the figure 1 below. 114  © Copy Right: Rai University 11. 556 Interpreting the Level of Significance The level of significance is demonstrated diagrammatically below in figure 3. Here . 95 of the area under the curve is where we would accept the null hypotheses.